Key Observations

• Drone Performance: One of the most notable findings in 2025 was the strong performance of drone applications. Despite a low carrier rate (2 gal./A.), drones delivered the highest yield increase (+12.0 Bu./A.) and the best ROI (+$27.26/A.).

• Canopy Disturbance: PFR experts suggest that the drone’s success may be partly due to the downward air turbulence (downwash) created by the rotors. This disturbance helps move spray droplets deeper into the corn canopy compared to a traditional plane.

• Consistency Across Methods: The study found that all three methods were effective. Whether applying via ground, plane, or drone, each method provided a substantial yield bump over the untreated control, proving that there are multiple effective ways to apply fungicide.

• Proven ROI: Over a 3-year multi-location average, the drone has established itself as a "PFR Proven" method with a consistent ROI of +$13.17/A., compared to +$8.44/A. for ground rigs and +$3.13/A. for planes.